Buerger's disease, also known as thromboangiitis obliterans or thromboangiitis, is a severe inflammatory disease of small and medium-sized arteries and veins, especially of the legs. Less commonly, the arteries in the hands become narrowed or blocked, leading to insufficient blood supply to the fingers. A severe blockage causes finger pain and tissue death, requiring amputation of the affected fingers. Inflammation of the superficial veins and symptoms of Raynaud's disease also occur. The pathology is characterized by obliteration of the lumen of blood vessels, which can lead to ischemia (lack of blood supply) and tissue necrosis. Several possible causes of Buerger's disease: smoking; genetic predisposition; autoimmune processes; Age – the disease most commonly occurs in young patients, usually under 50 years of age; hormonal factors; viral infections; chronic stress; Infectious agents – some bacteria or other infectious agents may play a role in causing the disease; systemic connective tissue diseases; Arterial hypertension – High blood pressure can increase the risk of developing Buerger’s disease.
Sign:
- Leg pain
- Pain in the toes
- Pain in the finger
- Swelling of the big toe
- Ankle swelling
- Hair loss
- Leg cramps
- increased protein concentration in the urine – proteinuria
- cold feet
- Lameness
- erectile dysfunction
- skin ulcers
- Ulcers on the feet
De Quervain's disease is an inflammatory disease of the thumb tendons that manifests itself as pain in the wrist area. This pathology was first described in 1895 by the Swiss surgeon Fritz de Quervain. He performed surgery to release the compressed tendons. De Quervain's disease is more common in women and is caused by prolonged strain on the hand and thumb due to repetitive wrist movements. For example, if you constantly use a smartphone and hold heavy objects with one hand. The risk of developing the syndrome is increased in representatives of professions associated with active work with hands - hairdressers, seamstresses, construction workers, pianists. Other risk factors include pregnancy and the postpartum period as well as rheumatoid arthritis. The mechanism of development of the pathological condition is as follows. The tendons of the wrist extensors pass under the retinaculum ligament on the dorsal surface of the lower third of the forearm. In this area there are 6 channels along which the tendons slide. With frequent movements of the hand, there is increased friction of these tendons on the walls of the canal. This causes swelling, which leads to narrowing of the canal, disrupting the normal gliding of the tendons and causing severe pain in the wrist when moving the thumb.
Sign:
- Pain with significant extension and abduction of the thumb
- Wrist pain
- Pain in the finger
- Pain in the forearm
- Finger deformity
- Burning in the wrist
- Numbness in the fingers – paresthesia
- Swelling of the hands
- Finger stiffness
- reduced finger strength
- reduced range of motion
Bursitis is an inflammation of the bursa surrounding a joint. As a rule, the large joints of the upper extremities are affected by the disease. The bursa of the fingers can also be affected, although this is less common. In exacerbations of bursitis, the application of cold helps: the pain subsides and the inflammation decreases. For chronic forms of the disease, physiotherapy and drug injections are prescribed. In particularly advanced cases, doctors resort to surgical intervention.
Sign:
- Pain in the finger
- swelling of the fingers
- Skin redness
- Thickening of the bursa
Secondary syphilis is the second stage of infection caused by the Treponema pallidum bacterium. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infectious disease. Secondary syphilis develops several weeks or months after the primary infection (primary syphilis) and is characterized by the spread of the infection throughout the body. Causes: The cause of secondary syphilis is the continuation of infection with the bacterium Treponema pallidum after the primary stage of syphilis. Here are some factors that can contribute to the development of secondary syphilis: inadequate or inadequate treatment of primary syphilis, non-compliance with treatment, delayed start of treatment, unprotected sex with an infected partner; weak immunity.
Sign:
- white coating on the tongue
- Pain in the toes
- Pain in the finger
- Headache
- red eyes (hyperemia)
- unusual vaginal discharge
- Chills and tremors
- Swelling of the toe
- swelling of the fingers
- skin rash
- swollen lymph nodes
A finger dislocation is a pathological condition in which the articular surfaces of the finger phalanges are displaced and no longer coincide. Fingers are more commonly affected than toes. A finger dislocation can occur in any finger joint, but it most commonly occurs in the middle joint of the little finger, ring finger, middle finger, or index finger. A finger dislocation is always caused by force on the nail phalanx. For example: in sports, the ball may hit the tip of an outstretched finger; fall onto an outstretched arm. The cause of a finger injury is usually a domestic or sporting injury: forced hyperextension or a blow to the finger area. A dislocated toe occurs from jumping or falling. .
Sign:
- Pain in the finger
- Finger deformity
- Numbness in the fingers – paresthesia
- swelling of the fingers
- Finger stiffness
- reduced finger strength
- Crunching in the knuckles
Diabetic neuropathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus. The causes may include: persistently high blood sugar levels, inadequate treatment of diabetes mellitus, metabolic disorders, damage to nerve cells and blood vessels, genetic predisposition, autoimmune reactions, chronic stress, insufficient physical exercise, smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, eating disorders, metabolic syndrome, highCholesterol levels, high blood pressure, obesity, age-related changes, infections, inflammatory processes in the body, long-term use of certain medications and circulatory disorders.
Sign:
- Pain in the finger
- Diarrhea - diarrhea
- Burning in the lower leg
- delayed ejaculation
- Difficulty urinating
- itchy skin
- Numbness in the toes
- Numbness in the fingers – paresthesia
- Numbness in the hands – paresthesia
- Loss of bowel control
- Loss of feeling in the legs
- Loss of feeling in the hands
- Finger stiffness
- Leg cramps
- rapid heartbeat - tachycardia
- cold feet
- Lameness
- chronic constipation
- excessive sweating – hyperhidrosis
Hannails are purulent inflammatory formations on the skin or mucous membranes that arise from the penetration of bacteria into small affected areas and can have the following causes: trauma or damage to the skin, infections with staphylococci, streptococci, enterobacteria, pneumococci, fungal infections, periodontitis, Immunodeficiency conditions, wounds after surgery, burns, wounds from animal bites, dental infections, poor diet, gum disease, abrasions or cracks in the skin, weak immunity, self-cautery (self-harm), hypovitaminosis, poor personal hygiene, improper use of contraceptives, contact with contaminated objects, broad spectrum of antibiotics, dysfunction of the lymphatic system and damage to the mucous membranes.
Sign:
- Pain in the finger
- Skin inflammation - eczema
- Thinning of the skin
- brittle hair and nails
- Skin redness
- dry skin
Dupuytren's contracture, also called Dupuytren's disease, is an abnormal thickening of the fascia, a layer of tissue under the skin, in the palm at the base of the fingers. This thickened area may take the form of a dense lump or stripe. Over time, one or more fingers become curved, causing them to be pulled to the side or into the palm of the hand. The ring and little fingers are most commonly affected. In many cases both hands are affected. In rare cases, the feet can also be affected. Dupuytren's contracture is inherited. The exact cause of the disease is unknown. This can be due to smoking, alcoholism, diabetes, malnutrition, or medications used to treat seizures. This disease usually begins in middle age. More common in men than in women. Smokers and people with diabetes are at increased risk of developing the disease.
Sign:
- Pain in one of the arms
- Pain in the finger
- Pain in the hands
- Finger deformity
- Muscle weakness
- swelling of the fingers
- Finger stiffness
- Weakness in the hands
- Lumps or clumps
Radial neuropathy is a dysfunction of the radiocarpal nerve. The following conditions can put pressure on the radial nerve and result in pinched nerves and neuropathic pain: radial tunnel syndrome; radial nerve palsy; Wartenberg syndrome. Other causes of radial nerve problems include: infections; Overuse injuries or prolonged pressure on the hands due to casts or splints; Complications from surgeries such as shoulder replacements; Injuries, including accidents, gunshot and stab wounds; tumors or cysts. A broken arm or dislocated shoulder can damage the radial nerve.
Sign:
- Wrist pain
- Pain in the hands
- Elbow pain
- Pain in the finger
- Pain in the forearm
- Pain in the hands
- limited wrist mobility
- Restriction of hand mobility
- Swelling of the hands
- Loss of feeling in the hands
- Stiffness of the hands
Onychodystrophy is a condition characterized by changes in the structure, color or shape of the nails. The causes may be due to trauma or damage to the nail plate, infections such as fungal infections or bacterial paronychia, poor blood circulation in the nail area or congenital abnormalities of the nails, nail vulnerability, chemical or physical irritation such as contact with harsh chemicals or trauma from repeated blows, Immune system disorders, inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis or eczema, autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis, dermatological diseases such as lichen flat or pyoderma, endocrine disorders such as diabetes or hypothyroidism, the effects of medications such as retinoids or chemotherapy, bad habits such asirregular handling of nails or nail biting, metabolic disorders, vitamin or mineral deficiency, especially iron or zinc, stress or psychological factors, systemic diseases such as systemic scleroderma or leukemia, oncological processes in the body, increased moisture loss or dehydration, prolonged constant exposure to moisture or mechanical pressure on theNails.
Sign:
- Pain in the finger
- Furrows on the skin
- Skin inflammation - eczema
- Thinning of the skin
- brittle hair and nails
Panaritium is an inflammatory disease that affects the fingers or toes. The causes of pathology include trauma, infections caused by microtrauma, improper handling of sharp objects, nail damage, insect bites, poor hygiene, diabetic neuropathy, immunodeficiency states, chemical exposure, contact with contaminated water, alcohol or drug intoxication, as well as certain occupations related to contact with harmful substances, systemic connective tissue diseases, circulatory disorders, endocrine disorders, autoimmune diseases, ARVI and other infectious diseases, circulatory disorders, damage to arteries and veins, chronic organ diseases such as liver and kidneys, aging.
Sign:
- Pain in the finger
- Pain in the hands
- Pustules
- Finger deformity
- itchy skin
- brittle hair and nails
A finger fracture is a violation of the integrity of the bones in one of the fingers of the upper extremity. Finger fractures can vary in type and location. A closed fracture occurs as a result of trauma, such as a fall on the hand or a crushed finger. An open fracture is characterized by the bone protruding through the skin, which can occur in severe trauma such as an accident or injury with a sharp object. A basal phalanx fracture is usually caused by a blow to the top of the finger, such as with a hammer. A fracture of the middle phalanx can be the result of a direct blow to the middle part of the finger or strong compression. A fracture of the terminal phalanx can result from trauma, such as a fall or a strong blow to the fingertip. A stress fracture is often associated with repeated microtrauma or overuse, such as in athletes or those who frequently use their arms for repetitive movements.
Sign:
- Pain in the finger
- Bony protrusion from the skin
- swelling of the fingers
- Skin redness
- Finger stiffness
Wrist injuries are injuries that can affect both bony and soft joint tissue, including bones, tendons, ligaments, and muscles. A wrist sprain occurs when ligaments tear due to overstretching, physical strain, or a fall. Wrist sprain syndrome is a condition of the wrist, also called ulnar abduction, that occurs when the ulna is slightly longer than the radius. It usually occurs after the atypical healing of a wrist fracture and makes the wrist joint between this bone and the wrist bones less stable. Wrist arthritis can occur in any joint of the wrist due to normal wear and tear or injury to the wrist. Carpal tunnel syndrome involves compression of the median nerve. The cause can be repetitive strain on the wrist, high blood pressure or diabetes.
Sign:
- Wrist pain
- Pain in the hands
- Pain in the finger
- limited wrist mobility
- Restriction of hand mobility
- Swelling of the hands
- Stiffness of the hands
Polyarthritis of the finger is inflammation of three or more joints at the same time. There are more than 100 different types of polyarthritis with different causes and treatments. The most common are: rheumatoid polyarthritis and psoriatic polyarthritis. Polyarthritis of the fingers can be caused by: wear and tear of the phalangeal joint due to excessive stress; Age; injuries; autoimmune diseases; genetic predisposition, family history; Muscle weakness. The symptoms of polyarthritis usually develop over time, but can also appear suddenly. The typical age for developing rheumatoid arthritis is between 30 and 50 years. However, it can also affect children, teenagers and young adults. Osteoarthritis usually develops after age 50 or 60, but there are studies that show radiographic signs of osteoarthritis in women as young as 40.
Sign:
- Pain with significant extension and abduction of the thumb
- Pain in the finger
- Finger deformity
- Curvature of the little finger and ring finger
- Numbness in the fingers – paresthesia
- swelling of the fingers
- Finger stiffness
- Crunching in the knuckles
A sprain of the soft tissues of the hand is a violation of the integrity of a ligament, tendon or muscle. The most susceptible to sprains are the ligaments. A soft tissue strain can occur when a joint twists in an unnatural way due to sudden rotation from a fall. The most common injuries to the soft tissues of the hand are injuries to the muscles, tendons and ligaments. These injuries often occur during sports and exercise, but sometimes simple everyday activities can also result in injuries. Sprains, strains, bruises and tendon and bursitis are the most common forms of injury.
Sign:
- Wrist pain
- Pain in the hands
- Pain in the finger
- limited wrist mobility
- Restriction of hand mobility
- Swelling of the hands
- Stiffness of the hands
Rheumatoid arthritis of the hands is a chronic inflammatory disease that can affect more than just the joints. In some people, the condition can damage various body systems, including the skin, eyes, lungs, heart and blood vessels. An autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis of the hands, occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks tissues in one's own body. Factors that increase the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: Gender – women are more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis; Age – rheumatoid arthritis of the hands and fingers can occur at any age, but most commonly begins to develop in middle age; Family history – the risk of developing the disease increases if at least one of the blood relatives suffers from rheumatoid arthritis; Smoking – due to nicotine consumption, rheumatoid arthritis develops more quickly and presents with more acute symptoms; Obesity – Patients who are overweight have a slightly higher risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.
Sign:
- Pain in the hands
- Pain in the finger
- high temperature - hyperpyrexia
- Finger deformity
- Chills and tremors
- swelling of the fingers
- Loss of appetite
- Problems grasping objects with your hand
- Stiffness of the hands
- Finger stiffness
- reduced finger strength
Sickle cell anemia is a pathology that belongs to a group of hereditary diseases. The disease affects the shape of red blood cells, which carry oxygen to all parts of the body. Red blood cells are usually round and flexible, allowing them to move easily through blood vessels. In sickle cell anemia, some red blood cells are shaped like a sickle or crescent. Sickle cells also become stiff and sticky, which can slow or block blood flow. Sickle cell anemia is caused by a change in the gene that controls hemoglobin production. Hemoglobin allows red blood cells to carry oxygen from the lungs throughout the body. Abnormal hemoglobin causes red blood cells to become stiff, sticky, and misshapen. For a child to develop the disease, both mother and father must carry one copy of the sickle cell gene - also called sickle cell trait - and pass both copies of the modified form on to the child.
Sign:
- Chest pain
- Bone pain (ossalgia)
- Pain in the finger
- Joint pain - arthralgia
- "Sausage" type inflammation of the fingers.
- atrophy
- Iron deficiency anemia
- swelling of the legs
- swelling of the fingers
- Swelling of the hands
- Yellowing of the skin and pupils of the eyes – jaundice
- Unconsciousness - fainting
- reduced vision
- rapid heartbeat - tachycardia
- chronic fatigue – increased fatigue
Thrombosis is a complete or partial obstruction of the vascular lumen by a parietal or mobile thrombus. A thrombosis in a vein is caused by either venous congestion due to prolonged immobility, increased blood clotting due to chemical imbalances, or damage to the vein. Most cases of thrombosis in an artery are the result of atherosclerosis, a hardening and narrowing of the artery walls. There are also certain risk factors that may increase the risk of developing blood clots: advanced age; Pregnancy; some contraceptive medications; hormone replacement therapy; lack of physical activity; Obesity; Smoke; Infection; autoimmune diseases; hand injury; Surgery; hereditary vascular diseases; previous blood clots.
Sign:
- Pain in the finger
- Pain in the hands
- Shortness of breath – dyspnea
- Numbness in the hands – paresthesia
- Swelling of the hands
Preeclampsia is a complication that occurs in the later stages of pregnancy. It becomes one of the factors provoking finger swelling. In addition, the problem is characterized by: frequent headaches, unusual swelling of the face and fingers, blurred vision, weight gain and abdominal pain. Early treatment of preeclampsia is crucial for a safe pregnancy and birth. These include taking medication, constant monitoring by a doctor and, in rare cases, early labor.
When should you see a doctor if you have pain in your fingers?
You should make an appointment with your doctor if:
- Pain in the fingers is severe or interferes with normal activities;
- the pain increases at night;
- the pain did not subside after a week of home treatment;
- there is tingling or loss of feeling in the hand;
- have a history of diabetes;
- You cannot move your thumb or hold objects;
- The phalanges changed shape or color.
diagnosis
Based on the results of the initial examination, the doctor may prescribe:
- Stool analysis for dysbiosis
- Blood analysis
- Vitamin D test
- Arthroscopy
- biopsy
- Skin biopsy
- Lymph node biopsy
- Blood chemistry
- Bronchoscopy
- Dermoscopy
- Duplex scanning of the lower extremities
- immunological study
- Polymerase chain reaction test
- Finkelstein research
- Eichof's research
- Skin tests
- Computed angiography
- Computed angiography of the lower extremities
- Computed tomography of the chest
- Computed tomography of the hand
- Computed tomography of the lungs
- Computed tomography of the lymph nodes
- Computed tomography of the wrist
- Computed tomography of the neck vessels
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the hand
- Magnetic resonance imaging of lymph nodes
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the wrist
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart
- Magnetic resonance imaging of joints
- microscopic examination of a smear
- Radiography
- Chest x-ray
- X-ray of the hand
- Chest x-ray
- X-ray of the wrist
- X-ray of the lower extremities
- X-ray of a finger
- Radiography of the fingers
- X-ray of the esophagus
- serological test
- Thoracentesis
- Ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity
- Ultrasound examination of the veins of the upper extremities
- Ultrasound examination of the brain - neurosonography
- Ultrasound examination of the hand
- Ultrasound examination of the wrist
- Ultrasound examination of the soft tissues of the hand and arm
- Ultrasound examination of the spleen
- Ultrasound examination of the heart – echocardiography
- Breast fluorography
- Electroneuromyography
How to relieve finger pain?
The following tips can help relieve finger pain at home:
- apply ice compresses for 20 minutes every 2-3 hours;
- Painkiller;
- Stop or reduce activities that cause pain, such as: B. Typing, using vibrating tools at work, or playing a musical instrument;
- Do not take hot baths, go to the sauna or bathhouse in the first 2-3 days after the injury.
- Do not lift heavy objects.